![]() ![]() (4) jaw HINGfe ramus dental arch profile of jaw two close-ups of jawįrom a side view, the base of the jaw is not horizontal. Horseshoe of Jaiv : Three-Quarter Doivn View The jaw ends in two spurlike formations above each ramus, neither of which appears on the external aspect of the face. As the arch curves back and ends, the jaw widens and develops two broad, platelike structures (3) (the ramus) which rise steeply to each jaw hinge (4) alongside the ears. Just above is the dental arch (2) of the lower teeth. In general, the lower jaw is shaped like a horseshoe.Īt its front-the central region of the chin mound (1) - the jaw is tight, constricted, somewhat angular. Beyond this, it has the unique characteristic of being the only movable bone structure of the head. It is the largest bone structure of the facial mass. The jaw is the decisive form in producing the contour of the face as a whole. The remaining nine are the eyes, nose, and other features. One of these is primary and dominant : the lower jaw. In the facial mass there are ten visually prominent forms. Failure to give the cranial mass its correct size always labels a drawing as amateurish. Indeed, the visual impact of the face and its features is so great that the student must force himself never to forget the relative proportions of the two great masses. Forms of Facial Mass structure of jawĪlthough the cranial mass is larger, the smaller facial mass commands more interest and attention, for it is here that the more decisive features appear. The brow visor is a powerful, thrusting form, especially noticeable in a three-quarter front view. The top edge of this bulge aligns with the upper eyelid. The rear bulge is a somewhat stronger shape than the crown. The crown has its own subtle but distinct contour, wTith slight dips where the five shapes meet. In these close-ups, see how the five fused shapes of the skull are expressed. This prominence is actually a continuation of the forehead frontal bone, but it is useful to visualize it as a separate form. In the lower front region wre see the heavy visor of the brow ( superciliary arch). On the side of tire skull, we see the slightly concave temple wall (temporal bone). In back, we see the rear bulge ( occipital bone) which encases the skull base. On top, we see the crown or vault of the dome (parietal bone) which partly covers the top, sides, and rear of the head. On the frontal curve of the dome, we see the shell of the forehead (frontal bone) which rises to the mid-region of the crown. The helmet consists of five shapes fused together. Examined in detail, the cranial mass takes on the appearance of a helmet, flattened at the sides, with a short, thick visor projecting in front.
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